| The Modern architecture | Characteristics of Modern architecture | Form follows function | Alvar Aalto | Frank Lloyd Wright | Frank Lloyd Wright legacy | Influences on architecture |
Characteristics of Modern architecture
Modern architecture is usually characterized by:
a rejection of historical styles as a source of architectural form (historicism)an adoption of the principle that the materials and functional requirements determine the result
an adoption of the machine aesthetic
a rejection of ornament
a simplification of form and elimination of "unnecessary detail"
an adoption of expressed structure
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Some catchphrases of Modern architecture
"Form follows function" - first used by sculptor Horatio Greenough, more
popularly by Louis Sullivan
"Less is more" - usually attributed to Mies van der Rohe in architectural
circles, but actually from the painter Andrea del Sarto and then immortalised in
the poem 'Andrea del Sarto' by Robert Browning.[1]
"Less is more only when more is too much" - Frank Lloyd Wright
"Less is a bore" - Robert Venturi, pioneer of Postmodern architecture; in
response to the featureless International Style popularized by Mies van der Rohe
In his 1941 essay "The mischievous analogy" (collected in Heavenly Mansions) the architectural historian Sir John Summerson identified several generalizations and clichés of modern architecture:
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it arises from an accurate analysis of the needs of modern society;
it represents the logical solution of the problem of shelter
achieved by the direct application of means to ends;
it expresses the spirit of the machine age;
it is the architecture of industrial living;
it is based on a study of scientific resources and an exploitation of new
materials;
finally it is organic
Summerson found that the modernist obsession was not with architecture itself,
but with its relation to other aspects of life, and investigated the results.
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