The Modern architecture Characteristics of Modern architecture Form follows function Alvar Aalto Frank Lloyd Wright Frank Lloyd Wright legacy Influences on architecture

Alvar Aalto


Hugo Alvar Henrik Aalto (February 3, 1898 - May 11, 1976) was a Finnish architect and designer. He was generally known as Alvar Aalto.

He was noted for his humanistic approach and for being one of the first and the most influential architects of Scandinavian modernism, so much so that he is sometimes known as the "Father of Modernism" in Scandinavia. His work includes architecture, furniture and glassware.

He was a member of the Congres Internationaux d'Architecture Moderne. Major works include the Finlandia Hall in Helsinki, Finland, and the campus of Helsinki University of Technology. Aalto's glassware includes the world-famous Aalto Vase.

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He is the eponym of the Alvar Aalto Medal, now considered one of world architecture’s most prestigious awards.

Life and works

Alvar Aalto was born in Kuortane, Finland. He studied architecture at the Helsinki University of Technology from 1916 to 1921. He returned to Jyväskylä, where he opened his first architectural office in 1923. The following year he married architect Aino Marsio. Their honeymoon journey to Italy sealed an intellectual bond with the culture of the Mediterranean region that was to remain important to Aalto for the rest of his life.

Aalto's wide field of activity ranged from furniture and glassware designs to architecture and painting. His vase designs are world-famous. He invented a new form of laminated bent-plywood furniture in 1932. Aalto furniture is manufactured by Artek, a company Aalto co-founded. Aalto glassware (Aino as well as Alvar) is manufactured by iittala.

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Significant buildings

1921 - 1923: Bell tower, Kauhajärvi, Finland
1924 - 1928: Municipal hospital, Alajärvi, Finland
1926 - 1929: Defense Corps Building, Jyväskylä, Finland
1927 - 1935: Municipal library, Viipuri, Finland (now Vyborg, Russia), new drawings, 1928, 1929, 1933, built according to last drawings 1934 - 1935.
1928 - 1929, 1930: Turun Sanomat newspaper offices, Turku, Finland
1928 - 1929: Tuberculosis sanatorium and staff housing, Paimio, Finland
1931: Central University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia (former Yugoslavia)
1934: Corso theatre, restaurant interior, Zürich, Switzerland
1937: Finnish Pavilion, 1937 World's Fair
1937-1939: Villa Mairea Finland
1939: Finnish Pavilion, 1939 World's Fair
1947 - 1948: Baker House, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
1949 - 1966: Helsinki University of Technology, Espoo, Finland
1949 - 1952: Säynätsalo Town Hall,1949 competition, built 1952, Säynätsalo, Finland,
1950 - 1957: Kansaneläkelaitos (National Pension Institution) office building, Helsinki, Finland
1952 - 1958: House of Culture, Helsinki, Finland
1958 - 1987: Town centre, Seinäjoki, Finland
1958 - 1972: North Jutland Art Museum, Aalborg, Denmark
?? - 1965: Regional Library of Lapland, Rovaniemi, Finland
1962 - 1971: Finland Hall, Helsinki, Finland
1963 - 1965: Building for Westmannia-Dalecarlia Nation, Uppsala, Sweden
?? - 1968: Nordic House, Reykjavík, Iceland
1970: Mount Angel Abbey Library, Mount Angel, Oregon
1959 - 1988: Essen opera house, Essen, Germany

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From Neoclassical to Modern architecture The Modern architecture Characteristics of Modern architecture Form follows function Alvar Aalto Frank Lloyd Wright Frank Lloyd Wright legacy Influences on architecture